Uses Uses This combination product is used to treat symptoms caused by the common cold , flu , allergies , hay fever , or other breathing illnesses e. Decongestants help relieve stuffy nose symptoms. This product also contains an opioid cough suppressant antitussive that affects a certain part of the brain , reducing the urge to cough.
Do not use this product in children younger than 18 years. There is a risk of serious rarely fatal side effects, such as breathing problems. Cough -and-cold products do not cure colds. Cough due to a common cold often does not need to be treated with medicine. How to use Codeine Antitussive Cough Syrup Read the Medication Guide if available from your pharmacist before you start taking this product and each time you get a refill. If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
If you are taking the over-the-counter product to self-treat, read all directions on the product package before taking this medication. If you have any questions, consult your pharmacist. When prescribing this medicine, patients should be told: Symptoms may include tremor, insomnia, restlessness, irritability, anxiety, depression, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, sweating, lacrimation, rhinorrhoea, sneezing, yawning, piloerection, mydriasis, weakness, pyrexia, muscle cramps, dehydration, and increase in heart rate, respiratory rate and blood pressure.
NOTE - tolerance diminishes rapidly after withdrawal so a previously tolerated dose may prove fatal. Symptoms of restlessness and irritability may result when treatment is then stopped. Reporting of suspected adverse reactions Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the Yellow Card Scheme; website: Symptoms Central nervous system depression, including respiratory depression, may develop but is unlikely to be severe unless other sedative agents have been co-ingested, including alcohol, or the overdose is very large.
The pupils may be pin-point in size; nausea and vomiting are common. Hypotension and tachycardia are possible but unlikely. Management This should include general symptomatic and supportive measures including a clear airway and monitoring of vital signs until stable. Give naloxone if coma or respiratory depression is present.
Naloxone is a competitive antagonist and has a short half-life so large and repeated doses may be required in a seriously poisoned patient. Observe for at least four hours after ingestion, or eight hours if a sustained release preparation has been taken.
The researchers found that cardiovascular risks were elevated for both coxibs HR 1. Coxib users were at lower risk for gastrointestinal bleeding HR 0. They also calculated numbers needed to harm, and found that after a year's use, the numbers for opioids were "small and clinically relevant," being 17 for cardiovascular events, 19 for hospitalization because of an adverse event, 26 for fracture, and 27 for all-cause mortality.
In a commentary accompanying the study, Jonathan Graf, MD, of the University of California San Francisco, noted that an elevated risk for myocardial infarction MI among patients taking opioids was "quite thought-provoking.
The second study included 6, patients taking codeine, hydrocodone, oxycodone, propoxyphene, or tramadol for nonmalignant pain, with hydrocodone being the reference drug and safety being assessed at 30 and days. Notable findings on risk, according to the researchers, included: Elevated cardiovascular risk for codeine after days, RR 1.
In a commentary accompanying this study, William C.
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