Cough and cold combinations may cause some people to become drowsy, dizzy, or less alert than they are normally. Make sure you know how you react to cough and cold combinations before you drive, use machines, or do anything else that could be dangerous if you are dizzy or are not alert. When taking antihistamines on a regular basis, make sure your doctor knows if you are taking large amounts of aspirin at the same time as in arthritis or rheumatism.
Effects of too much aspirin, such as ringing in the ears, may be covered up by the antihistamine. Antihistamines may cause dryness of the mouth. For temporary relief, use sugarless candy or gum, melt bits of ice in your mouth, or use a saliva substitute.
However, if your mouth continues to feel dry for more than 2 weeks, check with your medical doctor or dentist. Continuing dryness of the mouth may increase the chance of dental disease, including tooth decay, gum disease, and fungus infections. For patients taking decongestant-containing medicine: Cough and cold combinations may add to the central nervous system CNS stimulant effects of diet aids.
Do not use medicines for diet or appetite control while taking cough and cold combinations unless you have checked with your doctor. Cough and cold combinations may cause some people to be nervous or restless or to have trouble in sleeping. If you have trouble in sleeping, take the last dose of cough and cold combinations for each day a few hours before bedtime. If you have any questions about this, check with your doctor.
Before having any kind of surgery including dental surgery or emergency treatment, tell the medical doctor or dentist in charge that you are taking cough and cold combinations. For patients taking narcotic antitussive codeine, dihydrocodeine, hydrocodone, or hydromorphone -containing medicine: Cough and cold combinations will add to the effects of alcohol and other central nervous system CNS depressants medicines that slow down the nervous system, possibly causing drowsiness.
Cough and cold combinations may cause some people to become drowsy, dizzy, less alert than they are normally, or to feel a false sense of well-being. Make sure you know how you react to cough and cold combinations before you drive, use machines, or do anything else that could be dangerous if you are dizzy or are not alert and clearheaded. Nausea or vomiting may occur after taking a narcotic antitussive. This effect may go away if you lie down for a while. It is a cough suppressant that works by decreasing the feeling of needing to cough.
Cough -and-cold products have not been shown to be safe or effective in children younger than 6 years. Therefore, do not use this product to treat cold symptoms in children younger than 6 years unless specifically directed by the doctor. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more details about using your product safely. These products do not cure or shorten the length of the common cold and may cause serious side effects. Dextromethorphan may be harmful to an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant during treatment.
Dextromethorphan may pass into breast milk and could harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby. Artificially-sweetened liquid forms of cough medicine may contain phenylalanine. This would be important to know if you have phenylketonuria PKU. Check the ingredients and warnings on the medication label if you are concerned about phenylalanine. How should I take dextromethorphan? Use dextromethorphan exactly as directed on the label, or as it has been prescribed by your doctor.
Do not use the medication in larger amounts, or use it for longer than recommended. Cough medicine is usually taken only for a short time until your symptoms clear up.
Some types of medications known to inhibit CYP2D6 include certain SSRIs and tricyclic antidepressants , some antipsychotics , and the commonly available antihistamine diphenhydramine. Therefore, the potential of interactions exists between dextromethorphan and medications that inhibit this enzyme, particularly in slow metabolizers. As its pure form, dextromethorphan occurs as an odorless, opalescent white powder. It is freely soluble in chloroform and insoluble in water ; the hydrobromide salt is water-soluble up to 1.
A resolution of the two isomers of racemorphan with tartaric acid was published in , [34] and DXM was successfully tested in as part of US Navy and CIA -funded research on nonaddictive substitutes for codeine. A study led by Ronald Eccles, at the Common Cold Centre at Cardiff University, United Kingdom, found that in people taking cough suppressants, 85 percent of symptom relief is because they believe the treatment will be effective; the rest relates to the active ingredient itself.
No strong proof exists on whether expectorants are more effective than a placebo. He explains that when dextromethorphan was approved in the s, trials were done on patients with artificially induced coughs, and the drug was proven effective. But more recent studies exclude this methodology in favour of people who already have a cold. It works by suppressing the cough reflex, but comes with side effects, including drowsiness and gastrointestinal upset.
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